That’s the title of this intriguing essay on the Piri Reis map — an early 16th century map that allegedly shows the coastline of Antarctica not covered by ice.

pirireis-r

The image above of the Piri Reis map comes from this much longer and more detailed analysis, the effort of art historian Diego Cuoghi. It’s quite a piece of art-historical detective work. Honestly, anything Cuoghi produces is worth your time. He’s the fellow that has thoroughly debunked (I’d use the word “bludgeoned”) the “UFOs in medieval art” nonsense in a truly remarkable series of essays.